B014492 - GENERAL PATHOLOGY

italian

Definition of disease
Aetiology and Pathogenesis
Cellular Pathology
Inflammation and Healing
Systemic Effects of Inflammation
Immunology and Immunopathology
Hemostasis and Thrombosis
Hemodynamic Disorders
Pathophysiology of Lipid disorders and metabolic diseases

Robbins & Cotran: Le basi patologiche delle malattie 9 ed. Edra-Masson
G.M. Pontieri, M.A. Russo, L. Frati – Patologia generale e fisiopatologia generale V ed.-Piccin 2015
A. K. Abbas, A.H. Lichtman and S. Pillai – Immunologia cellulare e molecolare. IX ed.-Edra 2019

After completing the course, the student will be able to understand: the aetiology and the pathogenesis of diseases, the mechanisms of adaptation and cell death; acute and chronic inflammatory processes and their systemic effects; the factors that influence the healing process; the basis of the immune response and the immunologic mechanisms in disease; the mechanisms of cardiovascular disorders; alterations of fluid and electrolytes; the alterations of lipid, glucose metabolism and uric acid. The student will be able to integrate the knowledge of causes and pathogenesis of diseases with the useful preclinical sciences to understand the complexity of the disease in individuals of all ages.

Knowledge of anatomy, histology, biochemistry, genetics and physiology
Preparatory courses: Biochemistry, Biology, Anatomy and Physiology

Lectures and seminars.
Pdf or PowerPoint presentations will be utilised during the lessons and a copy of it will be available for the Students.
The slides of the lessons will be available on the Moodle platform

Integreted Course Coordinator: Prof. Daniela Monti
Teachers: Prof. Daniela Monti and Prof. Francesca Bianchini.
Teacher of Oral Oncology: Prof. Elisabetta Rovida
Office hours of Teachers of the Integrated Course: daily by appointment or email: daniela.monti@unifi.it; francesca.bianchini@unifi.it; elisabetta.rovida@unifi.it

The final test will consist of an oral examination of the whole course (General Pathology and Oncology). The oral examination consists on average of 3 questions about the topics in the course program and the material available in the Moodle platform. The final grade is made by evaluating the clarity of explanation, the ability to link and communication skills of the student.

General Pathology teaching module
Concepts of health and disease.
Concepts of the aetiology and pathogenesis, the major causes of diseases, the host and susceptibility to diseases. Inflammation and Healing. Acute inflammation: Acute inflammation: vascular phenomena, plasma and tissue mediators, chemotaxis, physiology and biochemistry of phagocytosis, defects of phagocytosis, exudate and its chemical characteristics: erythematosus, serous, fibrinous, purulent, hemorrhagic inflammation. Chronic inflammation: chronic nonspecific inflammation and granulomatous inflammation. Healing process: regenerative and reparative processes, local and general factors affecting the process of healing, healing of specialized tissues (bone, muscle, nerve), complications of the healing (fibrosis). The systemic effects of inflammation: acute-phase proteins and amyloidosis, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, leukocytosis, and fever. Physiological aspects of temperature control, exogenous and endogenous pyrogens, types of fever, metabolic changes of the feverish patient. Immunobiology and Immunopathology. Characteristics and determinants of innate and acquired immunity, the definition of antigen, Receptor of B and T lymphocytes, The major histocompatibility complex molecules (MHC class I and II), the cellular and molecular basis of the immune response, effector mechanisms of the immune response, primary and secondary response to antigens, active and passive prophylaxis ((vaccination and anti-serum injection), Types of hypersensitivity reactions (I, II, III and IV types), autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection and immune deficiencies. Hemodynamics disorders
physiology of the haemostatic process
anaemic, ischemic, hypoxic, histotoxic hypoxia
localized ischemia, thrombosis, embolism, arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis, generalized ischemia: hypovolemic, cardiogenic, distributive and obstructive shock
Pathophysiology of Lipids, atherosclerosis, metabolic diseases: Primary and secondary diabetes mellitus. Primary type I and type II diabetes. The acute (ketoacidosis) and chronic complications of diabetes mellitus. The diabetic patient in dentistry. Pathophysiology of Ca / P homeostasis. The pathophysiology of purine metabolism, gout.